The aim of the study was an evaluation of spatial diversification of the production potential of agriculture in Poland. Land resources, labour and capital, as well as effec­tiveness of their use, have been analysed in 16 voivodeships in Poland. The study is based on data obtained from Central Statistical Office from 2012. Research shows that among the regions with the greatest resources of agricultural land there are the following voivodeships: Mazowieckie, Wielkopolskie a nd L ubelskie. T he h ighest l abour r esourc­es per 100 ha of the agricultural land were identified in the voivodeship of Malopolskie, Podkarpackie and Świeto­krzyskie. Studies have shown that regions with a high level of development were accompanied by higher productivity of production f actors i n a griculture, w hile i n t he l ess d evel­oped voivodeships where there are structural problems in the sector concerned, land and labor productivity is usually lower. The lowest effective use of its potential production, especially with reference to labour factor, was therefore noted in such regions as Podkarpackie, Malopolskie, Świ­etokrzyskie and Lubelskie. Moreover, the existence of dif­ferences in the productive potential of the regions surveyed should be emphasised. The greatest variation was related to labour and land productivity, the smallest was noted in case of capital factor.